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The light BayesFRET logo.

An Experiment-Informed HDP-HMM to Analyze Surface-Immobilized smFRET Data

Have you ever done a surface-immobilized smFRET experiment on an area of an intrinsically disordered protein and thought, “How many states does that area make and when do they occur?” That’s exactly what this thesis and Python app aims to answer!

BayesFRET is a Python GUI app for my M.S. thesis ("An experiment-informed hierarchical Dirichlet process-hidden Markov model to analyze surface-immobilized smFRET data") implementing a nonparametric Bayesian method to estimate the conformational dynamics of intrinsically-disordered molecules (ex. enzymes, Holliday junctions). Specifically, an experiment-informed HDP-HMM estimates the number and behavior of distinct conformational states of the observed molecule that went through a surface-immobilized smFRET experiment. This was originally a Ph.D.-level NSF project that became my thesis for an M.S. in Scientific Computing.

  • Data: Experimental (real) or synthetic (generated) time-binned photon intensities and experiment parameters of the observed molecule. Prior distributions optional.

  • Method: 4 Markov Chain Monte Carlo (MCMC) simulations on an experiment-informed Hierarchical Dirichlet Process-Hidden Markov Model (HDP-HMM).

  • Results: A folder of graphs (PNG) and numerical data (Pickle, TXT files) of simulation history and convergence.

 

For example, an enzyme usually has at least 2 conformational states (open for business, closed for processing), but we don't know the number of states by default.​ The graph example below is the estimated behavior of a Holliday junction.

Original work and MATLAB app were made by Sgouralis et al. This GUI enhances and expands capabilities from the original work, taking initiative to increase efficiency fivefold and the number of MCMC simulations from 1 to 4.

 

*The BayesFRET GPT is an introduction to the material, but it did NOT provide any useful output for the final version of the thesis. It was strictly useful for brainstorming and editing. Also, this was made with a different OpenAI account that's now unusable, making this GPT unavailable for updates.

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CHS HDF5 Converter for Coastal and Hydraulics Lab

Have you ever had HDF5 data files from the Coastal Hazards Systems (CHS) database and realized how hard they are to open and read? Well, don’t you worry! This specialized Python app converts data from those custom HDF5 files into a table/CSV format.

 

In an internship for the CHL (Coastal and Hydraulics Lab) of the ERDC (Engineering Research and Development Center) of the USACE (U.S. Army Corps of Engineers), I translated their MATLAB app into an optimized Python GUI designed in PySide6 with multiprocessing capabilities. For specific datasets, users can also view, filter, and graph data with the Data Viewer tab. Filtered datasets can also be exported. (This was designed to include Bayesian modeling to predict extreme weather, but my thesis took priority at the time.)

Repo

Database

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San Sebastian Municipal Park, PR
Punta Aguila - Cabo Rojo, PR
Cascade Falls - Pembroke, VA
Mayaguez, PR
The Meadow - Blacksburg, VA
Illinois Memorial - Vicksburg, MS
Finca El Girasol - Guanica, PR (vertical panorama)
Estatua del Pescador Puertorriqueño - Añasco, PR
Blacksburg, VA
Puntas Arenas Beach - Cabo Rojo, PR (vertical panorama)
Batey Delfin de Yaguez - Mayaguez, PR
Dismal Falls - Pearisburg, VA

TEACHING

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Try My Advanced Exercise for Microsoft Excel with D&D themes!

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GRAPHIC DESIGN

2026: Tron: Cosmic

2026: Tron: Cosmic

Minimalist concept art for a TRON sequel.

2026: Minimalist Polybius Redesign

2026: Minimalist Polybius Redesign

Concept art for the urban legend of a game called "Polybius". Variations and previous versions from 2021 include themed logos. Link hosts more photos.

2025: Hidalgo-Vargas Academic Consulting

2025: Hidalgo-Vargas Academic Consulting

An active service for academic research and consulting, dissertation coaching, and manuscript development.

2025: Unreleased Ad Redesign

2025: Unreleased Ad Redesign

A draft to redesign an ad for selling an estate. Status of sale is currently unknown.

2024: ReaLife HD Redesign

2024: ReaLife HD Redesign

YouTube channel made in 2013. Current logo designed in 2024.

2024: The Sagaology Songs

2024: The Sagaology Songs

Album cover for upcoming original music of The Sagaology Series.

2023: Website Redesign

2023: Website Redesign

An internship project of updates to website under construction. Designed to organize data into reports for urban planners. Used Docker, PostGIS, JavaScript, Echo (Go). Current status of website is unknown.

2022: Crescent Moon

2022: Crescent Moon

I took a lot of pictures of the blood moon, and merged them into one wallpaper.

2021: F in the Chat

2021: F in the Chat

Concept art wallpaper for a YouTube channel.

2021: Iglesia Adventista de Las Cuevas

2021: Iglesia Adventista de Las Cuevas

Official and former logo for Facebook and YouTube pages of family's local church. Used in 2021-2024.

2020: Konosuba Shots

2020: Konosuba Shots

Wallpaper for a fanfic blog of mini-stories based on the Konosuba franchise.

2019: Sociedad de Jóvenes - Los Momentos

2019: Sociedad de Jóvenes - Los Momentos

A recap video for my family's local church.

2017: BasketStar

2017: BasketStar

Banner of an attempt to make a front-scrolling 3D basketball game in space for a programming class.

2016: The Crossing crawl

2016: The Crossing crawl

Link to one of the many archived video drafts for a custom Star Wars crawl for a crossover fanfic using AfterEffects.

2015: Radford University - Exit 109

2015: Radford University - Exit 109

Official and former logo for literary magazine. Title font: "One Day Before Rain" (http://dafont.com/onedaybeforerain.font). Its use was approved by the font's creator.

2015: Old Plan

2015: Old Plan

Besides Oviq, the titles listed in the TSS section, and possibly The Crossing, all projects on here are archived.

2014: Unreleased Promo

2014: Unreleased Promo

For an architecture exam. I didn't fully understand it at the time, but Michael Ermann's book is now in the link.

2013: Poetika banner

2013: Poetika banner

Advertisement for my high school's second poetry event. Borrowed image by Jesper Kristiansen.

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An upcoming original sci-fi series. Each image has a synopsis.

TSS1 | The Voyage Diaries

TSS1 | The Voyage Diaries

A deep space exploration team is caught in an interstellar war for the multiverse.

TSS2 | The Tribes of Destiny

TSS2 | The Tribes of Destiny

[Developing] A specialist team fights to earn their place in the multiverse while uncovering an interstellar plot.

TSS3 | RE-EVOLUTION

TSS3 | RE-EVOLUTION

A powerful alien invasion threatens the multiverse as a fractured alliance scrambles to respond.

TSS4 | The Impossiblers

TSS4 | The Impossiblers

A rogue faction of Predictors and an army wages war on the newly-formed defense alliance.

TSS5 | The Impossiblers and the Empires of Calamity

TSS5 | The Impossiblers and the Empires of Calamity

A mysterious leader unites worlds into a vast organization against order.

TSS6 | The Impossiblers: Hyperdrive

TSS6 | The Impossiblers: Hyperdrive

A death-defying Olympics-style festival sets the foundation for impossible challenges.

TSS7 | The Infinite Window

TSS7 | The Infinite Window

A resistance group fights an AI superpower designed to establish utopias that took over the multiverse. One season encompasses this story.

TSS8 | The Infinite Impossiblers

TSS8 | The Infinite Impossiblers

As the Impossiblers aim to establish a thriving peace, they face unprecedented threats and challenges from local conflicts to beyond their multiverse. At least five seasons encompass this story.

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Last updated July 1, 2026.

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